The Nuremberg Laws of 1935

The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 On September 15, 1935, the Nazi government passed two new racial laws at their yearly NSDAP Reich Party Congress in Nuremberg, Germany. These two laws (the Reich Citizenship Law and the Law to Protect German Blood and Honor) turned out to be all in all known as the Nuremberg Laws. These laws removed German citizenship from Jews and prohibited both marriage and sex among Jews and non-Jews. In contrast to chronicled discrimination against Jews, the Nuremberg Laws characterized Jewishness by heredity (race) instead of by training (religion). Early Antisemitic Legislation On April 7, 1933, the principal significant bit of bigoted enactment in Nazi Germany was passed; it was entitled the â€Å"Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service.† The law served to banish Jews and other non-Aryans from partaking in different associations and callings in the common assistance. Extra laws during April 1933 focused on Jewish understudies at government funded schools and colleges and the individuals who worked in the legitimate and clinical callings. Somewhere in the range of 1933 and 1935, a lot more bits of bigoted enactment were passed at both the nearby and national levels. The Nuremberg Laws At their yearly Nazi Party rally in the southern German city of Nuremberg, the Nazis reported on September 15, 1935, the making of the Nuremberg Laws, which arranged the racial speculations embraced by the gathering belief system. The Nuremberg Laws were really a lot of two laws: the Reich Citizenship Law and the Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor. Reich Citizenship Law There were two significant segments to the Reich Citizenship Law. The main part expressed that: Any individual who appreciates the security of the Reich is viewed as a subject of it and is in this manner committed to the Reich.Nationality is controlled by the Reich and state nationality laws. The subsequent segment clarified how citizenship would from this time forward be resolved. It expressed: A resident of the Reich must be of German blood or Germanic inception and must demonstrate by his/her lead that they are fit to be a faithful German citizen.Citizenship may just be consulted with an official endorsement of Reich citizenshipOnly Reich residents may get full political rights By removing their citizenship, the Nazis had lawfully pushed Jews to the edge of society. This was a significant advance in empowering the Nazis to strip Jews of their fundamental social liberties and freedoms. Staying German residents were reluctant to question inspired by a paranoid fear of being blamed for being unfaithful to the German government as proclaimed under the Reich Citizenship Law. The Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor The subsequent law declared on September 15 was spurred by the Nazi’s want to guarantee the presence of a â€Å"pure† German country forever. A significant part of the law was that those with â€Å"German-related blood† were not permitted to wed Jews or have sexual relations with them. Relationships that had happened preceding the entry of this law would stay as a result; notwithstanding, German residents were urged to separate from their current Jewish accomplices. Just a couple decided to do as such. Moreover, under this law, Jews were not allowed to utilize house hirelings of German blood who were younger than 45. The reason behind this area of the law was based on the way that ladies under this age were as yet ready to shoulder kids and in this way, were in danger to be lured by Jewish guys in the family unit. At long last, under the Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor, Jews were illegal to show the banner of the Third Reich or the customary German banner. They were just allowed to show â€Å"Jewish colors† and the law guaranteed the insurance of the German government in exhibiting this right. November 14 Decree On November 14, the main announcement to the Reich Citizenship Law was included. The declaration indicated precisely who might be viewed as Jewish starting now and into the foreseeable future. Jews were put into one of three classifications: Full Jews: the individuals who rehearsed Judaism or the individuals who had at any rate 3 Jewish grandparents, paying little heed to strict practice.First Class Mischlinge (half Jewish): the individuals who had 2 Jewish grandparents, didn't rehearse Judaism and didn't have a Jewish spouse.Second Class Mischlinge (one-fourth Jewish): the individuals who had 1 Jewish grandparent and didn't rehearse Judaism. This was a significant change from recorded discrimination against Jews in that Jews would be lawfully characterized not just by their religion yet additionally by their race. Numerous people who were long lasting Christians ended up out of nowhere named as Jews under this law. The individuals who were marked as â€Å"Full Jews† and â€Å"First Class Mischlinge† were oppressed in mass numbers during the Holocaust. People who were named as â€Å"Second Class Mischlinge† had a more prominent potential for success of avoiding harm’s way, especially in Western and Central Europe, as long as they didn't cause undue to notice themselves. Expansion of Antisemitic Policies As the Nazis spread into Europe, the Nuremberg Laws followed. In April 1938, after a pseudo-political race, Nazi Germany added Austria. That fall, they walked into the Sudetenland district of Czechoslovakia. The accompanying spring, on March 15, they overwhelmed the rest of Czechoslovakia. On September 1, 1939, the Nazi intrusion of Poland prompted the start of World War II and further extension of Nazi approaches all through Europe. The Holocaust The Nuremberg Laws would at last lead to the distinguishing proof of a huge number of Jews all through Nazi-involved Europe. More than 6,000,000 of those recognized would die in fixation and concentration camps, on account of the Einsatzgruppen (portable slaughtering crews) in Eastern Europe and through different demonstrations of savagery. A large number of others would endure yet first persevered through a battle for their lives on account of their Nazi tormentors. The occasions of this time would get known as the Holocaust.

Pricing Strategy Essay Example for Free

Evaluating Strategy Essay To set an evaluating technique, there are number of steps mulled over as follows: Stage 1: Our evaluating targets are to boost piece of the overall industry and increment deals volume. This methodology will be utilized when TrackR is being propelled into the market. We charge a sensible cost with the end goal for TrackR to be available in the market as fast as could be expected under the circumstances and furthermore to energize the premium and energy of an item. In view of the low value, we can raise the business volume effectively, expand the piece of the overall industry and come to the monetary of scale at the earliest opportunity. So as to help the deals significantly more, we will offer advancement followed by the item dispatch, which will later be examined in the later segment. In the long run, we can infiltrate the market and make brand mindfulness. Stage 2: Being a restraining infrastructure of TrackR, we have a sole intensity of controlling cost and amount, yet before we set a last value, we should watch the interest. TrackRcan be delegated typical products for explicit gatherings of individuals. While the cost stays unaltered, individuals will in general purchase progressively typical products when their salary increments and they less inclined to purchase ordinary merchandise when their pay falls. TrackR is value flexible significance purchasers are responsive/delicate to an adjustment in cost. On the off chance that we choose to lift the cost of TrackR, the amount request will be declined. Stage 3: We additionally need to assess the expenses related with TrackR. All expenses can be separated into 2 classes; fixed expenses and variable expenses. Fixed expenses incorporate compensation, lease, PR and advancement and deals advancement, which boil down to 3 million baht for every month while the variable expenses involve unit cost, transporting charge and conversion scale which are 375 baht for every unit. Stage 4: Analyzing competitors’ costs, costs, and contributions. Our rivals can possibly be online retailers, for instance, eBay or Find my iPhone. TrackR eBay Discover my iPhone Cost ? $25 ~ 800 baht Free Cost No extra expense Delivery expense + obligation Offering Guarantee, Service No after deals administration Apple items as it were Stage 5: We isolate our shoppers into 2 fragments; B2B and B2C so we will utilize various procedures to various potential purchasers. For B2B purchasers, we will sign an agreement and sell them over a huge volume at a sensible value extend with respect to the quantities of unit bought. By having cost points of interest over contenders as should be obvious on the past slide, we can develop a hindrance shielding us from new participants entering the market. Then again, as we expect to accomplish our target of expanding the business volume, we set a reasonable cost making it open to B2C customers so we can build the business volume and in the long run accomplish financial of scale. We start utilizing esteem based evaluating approach for the two purchasers, which sets costs essentially upon the worth saw/assessed by the shoppers instead of the expenses of the item. At the end of the day, esteem based estimating is a valuation of good or administration as per how much buyers are eager to pay. We have done a market review to see at what value shoppers might want to spend. It could be to some degree self-assertive yet it significantly aids with a powerful advertising of item in understanding effect of good or administration has on purchasers. We at that point use equal the initial investment examination, which speaks to a point where all out expense and all out income are equivalent: there is no misfortune or addition now. It intentionally uses to decide the base yield that must be reached so as to make a benefit. It is a harsh pointer of a promoting movement and furthermore gives a powerful perspective on connections between costs, deals and benefits. We likewise use amount rebate for B2B buyer, which is an impetus offered to our potential buyers bringing about a decreased expense for every unit of products when procured in a more prominent volume. An amount rebate will be proposed to entice our purchasers to buy in bigger amounts. Stage 6: Now, we have boiled down to a finish of TrackR’s last cost. Here are the base costs for both B2B and B2C purchasers.

Cloud Computing - advantage and disadvantage for payroll companies Essay

Distributed computing - preferred position and disservice for finance organizations - Essay Example In this situation, distributed computing is a rising pattern in the registering business. This paper presents a concise outline of distributed computing innovation as for its use for finance industry. The fundamental target of this examination is to talk about the focal points and impediments of distributed computing as for finance industry. Distributed computing alludes to the utilization of a cloud picture to demonstrate the web or various immense organized game plans. However, individuals are not worried a lot with what is in the cloud or what goes on there separated from that they really depend on reliably transmitting information to just as getting data and information from it. Furthermore, the distributed computing is at the present connected with a significant level thought of the cloud. Rather than utilizing switches, channels and servers for moving information and data, individuals use cloud administrations (Rouse; Hartig). Likewise, the innovation and engineering behind distributed computing lead to a gathering of brought together capacity frameworks, servers and control hubs that can encourage disseminated registering. Furthermore, every distributed computing based course of action regularly has a customer PC and front end and a back end that comprises of programming frameworks and servers, and various classifications of control hub and information stockpiling. In this situation, the system that assembles all the things is the most noteworthy side that could be connected with distributed computing plan. Too, the parts of a distributed computing course of action can be associated with one another by methods for web/web, and the customer regularly gets to them by methods for web (Hartig; Strickland; Laukkonen). PC upheaval has given numerous â€Å"off the shelf† answers for business associations. Finance and HR programming apparatuses are the arrangement that is made for the HR experts to address the issues of the associations. In any case, in the previous decade with the innovation of cloud based programming, numerous arrangements gave to associations

Vignette 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Vignette 4 - Essay Example The three young men of three-fifth grade involve themselves into unsavory exercises during the way toward learning. Educators and understudies must gain proficiency with the significant methods of exploring inside social contrasts in a conscious manner and air of shared regard. This advances learning in the best approaches to create thoughts that advance improvement inside learning. Understudies increment their capacity of realizing when exercises are led in a socially responsive way that is reliable with the network esteems and standards of collaboration. It is basic for instructors to show understudies new strategies for discovering that includes intuitive social support since it advances understudies learning. In vignette 4, understudies yell out answers that inspire giggling intruding on the learning procedure. It disturbs the other students’ consideration and creates lack of regard to different researchers, as the educator suit insignificance in showing her obligations as a teacher. Study hall utilizations of Vyogotskian hypothesis clarify the significance of instructor arrangement and changing jobs of educator in the socio social homeroom. The hypothesis clarifies the changing jobs of educators and understudies to create understanding in their jobs and instructing techniques. Additionally, socio social advancements of Vygoskian hypothesis decides learning designs that helps educators in creating pertinent showing strategies for the understudies particularly in their various societies that makes the learning procedure fascinating. Besides, students’ conversing with one another in a similar homeroom implies rudeness and poor listening aptitudes among the understudies. Such understudies consequently perform ineffectively toward the finish of the semester since a portion of the significant perspectives instructed in the study hall disregard them and they not, at this point become acquainted with a portion of the significant subtleties that were instructed in that address. In light of brain research and instruction, effect on naturalism is the primary driver of

So Long, So Long, Front Foot Leads the Back One

So Long, So Long, Front Foot Leads the Back One When we last left off, I had narrowly dodged Hurricane Ike to fly down to the Rio Grande Valley. The saga continues McAllen, Texas September 12, 2008 September 17, 2008 I spent a nice weekend in McAllen, eating some great food and hanging out in the Valley. I had cabrito for the first time, which was fantastic. I actually met up with Louann, one of my friends from Michigan, who is down there doing a Teach for America placement at one of the local high schools. Shes starting her second year, and is already teaching AP English classes. We had a great time catching up. My hotel was right next to a Tony Romas (great ribs!) and Logans Roadhouse (tasty bread). Tony Romas had a special where you could get a 3-course dinner appetizer, ribs entree, and dessert for like $15. Mmmmm. Aside from the cabrito, I didnt really get a chance to have some authentic Mexican food (which I know many would yell at me for not doing), but when Im traveling, sometimes Im just so tired that anything more than a 2-minute drive is simply too far. Anyways, after visiting a few schools, we hosted a central meeting on Wednesday, 9/17 at a place called the Echo Hotel. There was a decent-sized crowd of about 120 students, parents, and others at the meeting. There were even a few people who drove all the way down from Laredo (about 3 hours away) to attend. I got to meet 3 really cool ECs, one of whom actually teaches math at the same school that Louann teaches English! What a small world. After the meeting ended around 10pm, some of us went to Chilis (one of the few places in the area that was still open after 10). Laredo, Texas September 18, 2008 6am. The crack of dawn. I sleepily roll out of bed, eyes drooping like Droopy the Dogs cheeks. My legs feel like cement blocks. I slump into the shower, allowing the hot water to wake me up and wash the previous day off me. Feeling refreshed, I get ready, pack everything up, and check out of the hotel. 7am. After gassing up, I start my 3-hour drive up US-83, snaking along the US-Mexico border. One thing that I noticed throughout my time in South Texas (and especially on this drive) is that people generally do not like to exceed the speed limit. In fact, they like to drive 5 miles under the speed limit. I dont know if its a culture thing or if the police are extremely strict or what, but it was VERY different from Michigan or Mass. 10am. I arrive in Laredo, check in to my hotel, and head out to my meetings for the day. I get excited that this hotel actually has FOOD NETWORK (another post on my love for TV to come), but unfortunately Ill only be here for one day. 11:30am. Ive been using a GPS unit this entire time to help me get from place to place, which has (for the most part) been extremely helpful. Its like my new best friend. I even contemplated giving it a name. But in Texas, Ive run into two main problems: 1) The highways here have service roads that run parallel to them. This poses a problem when the unit cant accurately detect whether Im actually on the highway, or the service road next to it. Particularly when Im in the right lane on the highway, and it suddenly tells me to turn left off of the overpass. 2) In fast-growing cities like Laredo, the maps on the unit were severely out of date/inaccurate. In one instance, I was on the highway, and the exit I was supposed to take no longer existed. So I figured, get off at the next exit, and either turn around and go back the other way on the highway, or find my way to my destination. So I take the next exit, and all the while problem #1 is plaguing me because Im in a spaghetti-type junction, so it starts going crazy trying to figure out which road Im actually on. At this point, I actually start yelling at the thing because the voice wont stop screaming directions at me: recalculatingrecalculatingdrive 0.3 miles, then turn ridrive 200 feet, then turnrecalculatingwhen possible, make a u-turnrecalculatingrecalculating I continue on the ramp Im on (as theres basically no other choice), and finally see a sign: BRIDGE TO MEXICO. Oops. Omgomgomg what do I do. I start to pass all the signs about border policies, firearms, etc. and am furiously looking for an exit to turn around. As I approach the tollbooths, I see out of the corner of my eye this tiny sign pointing to a dirt road that says Back to U.S. I merge over 6 lanes, get on the path, and finally make my way back towards my destination. Once I get to my destination (according to my GPS), Im basically in the middle of a field. Literally. There are no buildings around. I drive until I find a church, and manage to get directions from a friendly pastor in the parking lot. I also had a scary encounter where the GPS unit almost guided me the wrong way on a four-lane, one-way highway off-ramp. After that, I made sure to download the latest map update and updated my unit. Due up next: my trip takes me to San Antonio, Austin, Seattle, and New York City. For the solution to the last posts title, you can go here. Personally, I was referring to the Chantal Kreviazuk cover, but there are plenty of great versions of that song. Can you guess where this posts title comes from? (No Googling answers!)

About The Old Regime In France In Voltaires Candide - Free Essay Example

On the surface Voltaires Candide is an amusing and ingenious story that demonstrates the title characters travel as he looks for to be rejoined with his accomplice cunegonde, be that as it may when inspected assist it gets to be recognizable that Voltaire utilized this works reason is to saterize the institutions of the Old Regime in France, which was affected by the enlightment period. To be more particular, the story of Candide has a certain reason to assail the religion, philosophy, nobility, and outright government that was the foundation of France before and when the French Revolution happened.. Voltaire had nothing but hostility towards religion and the Catholic Church. He was incredibly open to when trying to defame the hierarchal system of the Church. Voltaire also has a bad taste wiht the clergy as well. He claimed that at a young age, while attending a Jesuit school, some of the priests were sexually abusive, which in turn describes one of the events in Candide with the issues of the Baron. His abhorrence for religion and the Catholic Church endured until his final breath. He refused to confess to his sins and rejected priests who attempted to perform the Last Rites ceremony. This anti-clerical sentiment was a response to the enormous amount of power that the Church had. There was no separation of church and state, so whatever the Church declared became law. In addition, the lack of equality of religion made Protestants subject to persecution. Throughout Candide examples of Voltaires detest for religion and the Catholic Church are apparent. One interesting criticism occ urs when Candide reunites with Dr. Pangloss, his old philosophy teacher. During there conversation Dr. Pangloss informs Candide that he contracted syphilis from a woman named Paquette. Pangloss then continues to name whom Paquette gotten this present from and whom that individual got it from and so on. This heredity of the venereal malady syphilis is gathered to spoof the genealogies that the Bible employments within the Old Testament. Too, this comparison of syphilis and religion may uncover the disloyalty of numerous Catholic priests. Voltaire had a comparable dislike for the way numerous philosophers, at this time, theorized. He particularly oppose this idea with German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and his principle of adequate reason. This rule depends upon the reality that everything in this world happens for a reason which nothing happens by chance. All occasions that take put are Gods will. Voltaire rejected this claim and questions its legitimacy various times in Candide. The area within the text that portrays the great earthquake in Lisbon is one of the times Voltaire questions Leibnizs conventions. As a result of this calamity thousands of individuals are slaughtered and indeed more harmed, counting Candide. Candide surveys the circumstance the way in which Leibniz would. He claims that all is for the leading which the earthquake must have happened for a reason. Voltaire jibes Leibniz another time when he portrays Dr. Panglosss region of consider as metaphysico-theologico-cosmolo-boobology. This c loud term ridicules Leibnizs comprehensive philosophical canons. The institution of French nobility was attacked by Voltaire as well. He loathed the nobility of France profoundly and tossed it in their confront when he really changed his title from Francois-Marie Arouet to Francois-Marie de Voltaire. The de in his modern title was utilized to distinguish nobles from non-nobles. This was the extreme slap within the confront since he was essentially saying that anybody may ended up a noble. In reality, the innate concept of the French nobility was maybe Voltaires most despised viewpoint of nobility. He abhorred the truth that just because a individual was born with a specific title they were automatically a better individual. In addition, he found the thought of offering titles crazy. Anybody who had sufficient cash may ended up a noble; it did not matter what kind of individual you were. An case of respectability being criticized can be seen within the beginning chapter of Candide. Candide meets Miss Cunegonde within the patio and they start to ki ss. In any case, the Aristocrat of Miss Cunegondes castle catches them within the act and expels Candide from the region. In the event that Candide had been of noble blood he likely would not have been ostracized from his home. The absolute monarchy of France is Voltaires next victim for criticism. A monarchical form of government had been in effect in France for centuries, but during Voltaires lifetime it changed into an absolute monarchy. This meant that all decision-making power went through the king. This was troublesome because it did not allow the voice of the common people to be heard. The king did what he wanted to do no matter how unpopular it was with the people. Voltaire was not an advocate of an absolute monarchy because he was in favor of freedom of religion, freedom of the press, and the abolition of slavery. Under an absolute monarch these reforms could never take place. However, Voltaire agreed that the only sensible form of government was a monarchy, just not an absolute monarchy. Voltaire contended that the king was the only person powerful enough to implement reforms. In Candide the tenets of the absolute monarchy come under fire when Candide travels to the New World. Through his travels Candide sees the effect of slavery on humanity. He finds it quite appalling, but theorizes that it must happen for a good reason. Voltaire used Candides experiences with slavery in the New World to promote its abolition. Of Voltaires numerous criticisms, his strongest may be his views on the Catholic Church and nobility. The address of lip service of clerics within the Catholic Church has continuously been disputable, with Voltaire that numerous clerics were not doing what they were telling their worshipers to do. Clerics were of the do as I say, not as I do attitude. Typically risky since it invalidates the legitimacy of the Catholic Church. As distant as nobility, with Voltaire that the innate strategy of selecting nobles is crazy. Fair since having the final title of Faust does not cruel that the idea is more qualified to be a Ruler than somebody who encompasses a diverse, non-noble title. The total thought of respectability is fair not a great one, particularl y when they gotten benefits such as tax breaks, which other social classes did not. Voltaires masterpiece Candide is an great illustration of social criticism in France amid the Ancient Administration. The way in which Voltaire faultlessly criticized all of the major educate of France is exceptional. Readers of Candide will concur that theres much more to assimilate from this work than a funny story approximately a lovelorn boy from Westphalia.

The Perceptions of Organizational Justice and the Solutions to the Management of Organizations Free Essay Example, 2000 words

Organizational justice begins to be perceived from the initial contact with the company during the hiring process. There should be a standard profile for the position to be filled and all the candidates should be required to complete an assessment to see if they are a match for the position (Morin). If there is no benchmark, then the hiring official is allowed too much opinion based on little to no fact. Also, if there is a standard process for hiring and a profile for the position, the applicants are more likely to think that it is procedurally a fair process and begin the life of their employment at the company thinking they have been treated fairly. This also allows the company to know that the best-qualified candidate is hired based on more than their personality and the likability of the applicant. Also to consider is the possibility that the assessment should be free of any biases in terms of race or gender. While these are not qualifying stipulations, often they are determini ng factors when allowed to be subjective to an individual s opinion. We will write a custom essay sample on The Perceptions of Organizational Justice and the Solutions to the Management of Organizations or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Perceptions of justice are often skewed along these lines because of traditionally held beliefs. Interestingly, Affirmative Action was meant to ensure fairness in the hiring process. However, the perceptions of hiring practice when using Affirmative Action as a reason for the choice of candidate is that it is unfair. Giving no explanation as to reasons for hiring a candidate has been found to be perceived as fairer than using Affirmative Action as a basis for hiring (McMillian-Capehart 44). The perception is that hiring based on color/gender is as unfair as not hiring based on the same criteria. Again, having a blind assessment would alleviate this problem. In an effort to retain the maximum employees and derail workplace deviance, care should be taken to ensure organizational procedures are fair and unbiased. After a proper candidate has been selected judgments should be based on work performance. Promotions and pay raise decisions should be made b ased on a clearly defined system with emphasis on employee performance, as opposed to likability.

The Debate Of Science And Medicine - 1423 Words

Throughout the course of human history people have been fascinated by the world around them. Ancient philosophers focused on the questions of human existence while early scientists searched for explanations beyond those that religion provided. Science became an outlet to provide answers to the unknown while creating further questions for future experimenters to seek information about. Simply observing and explaining nature failed to bring seekers of knowledge satisfaction. It was not enough to have knowledge, people desired to apply that knowledge, using it to create an advantage over nature. The eagerness to control nature sparked one of humankind’s largest debates. Pre and post enlightenment thinkers alike questioned the role of science and whether or not it should continue on the path of being master to nature. In the modern world, science still faces the same debate especially within the realm of medicine. Modern medicine has greatly increased life expectancy by decreasing the number of communicable disease outbreaks, but still doctors and scientist want to go further. Science and medicine have come to a point where it is possible to make changes to the human genome and use stem cells to create other cell types. While these advances have great potential they are being experimented with in ways that seem unnatural and wobble between what is ethical or unethical. With expansions in genetic research and our growing understanding of the human genome and genes in general,Show MoreRelatedStem Cell Research Needs to Be Funded Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagescan bring to the medical community. Stem cell research became a topic of discussion back in the 1970s, just a short while after the Roe v. Wade ruling was made by the Supreme Court. 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Choices Essay on Macbeth - 1524 Words

Choices essay Human beings are unique in the world because humans have the power to tell between right and wrong. Some believe that this is simply a special instinct while others believe that it is divine creator that gave to man what is known as conscience. In the tragedy Macbeth, William Shakespeare develops the idea that when an individual makes a choice that is against his conscience, he and the larger community will suffer the consequences of his choice. Shakespeare uses three main characters: Lady Macbeth, Macduff and Macbeth to illustrate the importance of following the human conscience. Lady Macbeth is a great example of how ignoring one’s conscience can lead to self-destruction. Upon receiving Macbeth’s letter about meeting†¦show more content†¦Desperate, Macduff â€Å" is gone to pray the holy (English)king upon his aid†. Not only is Macduff putting his own life in danger, but he is also leaving his wife and kids very vulnerable. Macduff, howev er being the patriotic man, chooses to do what is his best for his country and follow his conscience in extension. Although his wife and kids do perished under Macbeth’s reign, Macduff is ultimately awarded by the new title he earns from Malcolm when Macbeth is finally overthrown. This might not cover the loss of his family, but Shakespeare is implying that he and his family will be reunited in heaven. Macduff did in fact follow his conscience in making decisions that are hard costing even the lives of his family, but he is able to continue to lead a peaceful life and be reunited with his family once in heaven while Lady Macbeth, most likely, soul is forever tormented by the scorching flames. Lady Macbeth isn’t the only victim of the scorching flames as Macbeth also has fail to follow his conscience. Macbeth is arguably the more evil character of the two because not only has a caused himself a tormented life but he has also caused his country so much misery. Macbeth like Macduff, starts in the play, as righteous and respectable, commander in Duncan’s army. After a crushing victory over the Norwegians, Macbeth is confronted by the three witches with a prophecy that proclaims him as â€Å"king hereafter†. Macbeth is highly tempted by thisShow MoreRelated macbeth - fate or free choice Essay702 Words   |  3 Pages Macbeth – Fate or Free Choice? In Macbeth by William Shakespeare, Macbeth’s destiny is determined by the choices he makes. The first hint to the reader of Macbeth’s choices comes as a warning from Banquo to Macbeth about believing the witches, or Weird Sisters. Once Macbeth starts to believe the witches, this belief facilitates his decisions to take certain actions. Macbeth’s choice to believe the witches also gives them control over him, which further illustrates how Macbeth’s destiny is fatedRead MoreIs Macbeth a Victim of Fate or His Own Ambitious Choices? Essay1259 Words   |  6 PagesIs Macbeth a victim of fate or his own ambitious choices? Fate, unlike fatalism, does not stipulate that human deliberation and actions are inconsequential in causing an event, as its occurrence is inevitable. Rather it simply states that all events, and the choices leading up to them, are predetermined; hence the role of freewill is no less significant in deciding fated events than it is when considering situations from a non-fated perspective. This concept can be observed in William ShakespearesRead MoreEssay about Macbeth1001 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s ‘Macbeth’? The first time we hear the statement is very early in the play when the witches say the exact line quot;Fair is foul, and foul is fairquot; only for Macbeth himself to repeat it very closely two scenes later. This repetition of the lines shows me that the characters themselves believe that there are many foul events taking place. In this essay I will endeavour to prove that the above statement doesn’t express ‘Macbeth’ thoroughly. Firstly I will show the fair Macbeth himselfRead MoreMacbeth : Who Made Choices? Essay714 Words   |  3 PagesToby Zeng 3/2/15 English 2 Macbeth Essay Who Made Choices? In the eyes of the world, Lady Macbeth was the devil incarnate with a vicious heart. People think Macbeth killed all of those innocent people because Lady Macbeth compelled him to do that. However, I state that Macbeth made his own choices. Lady Macbeth just made it faster to happen. Lady Macbeth had power first, then Mcbeth took it. After that, they lost their power in the end of play. We can seeRead MoreMacbeth: Fate vs. Free Will1718 Words   |  7 Pagesforce, the outcome of a person’s choices is controlled by the way in which they are destined to occur. On the other hand though, some believe these choices can defy fate and that fate only manipulates ones mind into choosing their own path. One question that seemed to pop into my head through out this play was whether individuals were victims of fate or their I own choices, or if each aspect plays a significant part in determining their destiny. In the play Macbeth, William Shakespeare plays aroundRead MoreOverview of Mac beth1746 Words   |  7 PagesNot surprisingly, Macbeth has received volumes of critical commentary over the years. Not only is the play an audience favorite, but its complex characterization, deeply woven themes, and characteristic Shakespearean style make it rich ground for scholarly inquiry. Critics such as Harold Bloom have remarked on the importance of Macbeth in the context of Shakespeare s works. In Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, Bloom writes, The rough magic in Macbeth is wholly Shakespeare s; he indulgesRead MoreDefining Manhood Through Gender Stereotypes1183 Words   |  5 PagesStereotypes in Macbeth In The Tragedy of Macbeth, Shakespeare attempts to define manhood and explore the different perceptions held towards what it means to be a man. As William Liston notes in his essay, â€Å"Man appears more than 40 times, almost always with a conscious sense of defining the term—or rather, of defining a person by the term† (232). Lady Macbeth is used as a tool to not only convey this theme, but she instigates the plot as well. Without her consistent scorn and ridicule of Macbeth and hisRead MoreMacbeth : Lightness And Darkness988 Words   |  4 PagesMuratovic Mr. Tice Honors English 2 6 March 2017 Macbeth Essay: Lightness and Darkness Is the lightness and darkness combination, implemented by Shakespeare in the play The Tragedy of Macbeth, foreshadowing Macbeth’s downfall? As many can identify conspicuous examples of light and darkness through characterization, the play has many hidden foreshadowing signifiers. Although many overlook the imagery created through the light and darkness in Macbeth, Shakespeare places these examples strategicallyRead MoreAnalysis Of Shakespeare s Macbeth 1136 Words   |  5 PagesGielarowiec English 4A Mrs. Mastrokyriakos Macbeth Essay 1 March, 2013 Women in Macbeth For many years now women have always been slaves towards men. Always doing everything for them. Cooking, cleaning, and taking orders. But that is slowly changing. Everything slowly changes even people. People become more deranged over time. Shakespeare is one of the writers thats shows that in his plays. One of his plays is based on murder and irresponsible choices. The characters in the play experience the mostRead MoreMacbeth And Macbeth1274 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose if this essay is to prove that the theme in the two contrasting literary works of Twilight saga: eclipse by Stephenie Meyer and Macbeth by William Shakespeare are alike. The theme of destruction being inevitable in both literary pieces are the same through the element of symbolism used to connect and foreshadow events in each piece. Although the plot for each novel differs, the twin methods of symbolism they utilize evidently leads to inevitable destruction and deserve further examination

Teaching Philosophy Encouragement Essay - 595 Words

My perspective on teaching is aimed toward giving a greater sense of confidence and self esteem to elementary school children. The purpose of education is to motivate, empower, and prepare students for their future. It is a life-long preparation of making out one’s contributions and capabilities and putting those skills to use. Nonetheless, the purposes of education are varies. The principle changes with age, environment, and the customs of the individual student. The instructions good for one may not be good for another. Kindergarten has a totally different set of priorities than middle school students. Middle school students have a totally different set of priorities than High school students. I would love to teach a diverse group of†¦show more content†¦Comprehending that teacher instructional strategy must be at variance. However, I believe you should maximize academic learning time through a well thought-out environment. My classroom management plan will reflect my individual personality, teaching style, and philosophy of education. The most important key to set the tone in class is your body language, eye contact, and tone of voice. Behavioral improvement is most effective when you use a calm tone and make an effort to emphasize with the student. Explaining to them why they are wrong is very important. Helping them come up with a solution to solve the issue helps establish a deeper connection. Moreover, my classroom will have rules written and explained on a poster board displayed in the classroom. I will use motivation tools when trying to determine how to implement rewards in my classroom; I will use different kinds of incentives. One way to help students see the goal-setting process is to set a class goal and work together to achieve it. Every teacher’s ethical role in the classroom and community should include, mutual respect. Teachers, administrators, and students all have a right to be treated with dignity and equality. Any person can see how treating young people respectfully gives confidence and encourages the progress of a motivated identity and a strong self-image. Therefore, the classroom policies need to be aShow MoreRelatedEducation: The Expert Theory Essay1082 Words   |  5 PagesParamount to my teaching philosophy is building strong relationships with students. By illustrating that I care for their needs and desires, I hope to become approachable and produce a sense of belonging. In my opinion, students possess an innate need to belong to social groups, and the development of positive relationships is imperative to students’ satisfaction of this need. According to Dreikurs, ‘students can often appear to be complicated and confusing to their teachers, most of them simplyRead MoreEssa y on Philosophy of Education1407 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophy of Education I spent some time looking back upon my time in elementary, junior high and high school and thinking about all of my favorite teachers, and what exactly made them such outstanding, inspiring educators. I came to several conclusions. A good teacher is one who can not only show a student how to add four and seven, but also help them see why it is important for them to know how to do so. A good teacher is one who can explain to a child the process of photosynthesis while atRead MoreTeaching And Learning Philosophy From A Place Of Experience Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagesapproach to teaching and learning philosophy comes from a place of experience. What I have come to believe resonates with the positive and negative events that have occurred during my years as a student, but also as a role model. As we grow up we experience different teachers that tackle problems differently. The negative experiences always happen to stand out, but the positive experiences create the passion that can be transferred into motivation for our own teaching and learning philosophies. Four keywordsRead MoreBehaviour Management Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pagesbehaviour management theory/model that closely reflects their personal philosophy and ultimately, assists them to engage and achieve learning outcomes for their cohort of students. Behaviour management skills are essential for pre-service teachers and teachers. Establishing yourself confidently with your class - whichever theory/theories of behaviour management you prescribe to – is an important first step when teaching a new class. Groundwater-Smith, Ewing Le Cornu (2003, pg.255) comment: Read MoreMy Experience At Ocean Bay Middle School966 Words   |  4 Pagesclassroom management philosophy deals with this thinking and combines three different theorist who uses three different theories. My philosophy is to have a democratic, caring environment where my students have a voice, hold themselves and others accountable for their actions, make responsible choices, and build a sense of community and family. In my current field experience at Ocean Bay Middle School, my cooperating teaching uses a classroom management plan that is similar to my philosophy and the resultsRead More Educational Goals and Philosophy Essay785 Words   |  4 PagesEdu cational Goals and Philosophy Teaching has always been an honorable and valued profession. With teaching you instill the knowledge and values that the student will take with them throughout life. I have volunteered at the elementary school with my children and have enjoyed watching the encouragement and nurturing of these teachers towards their students. I felt that I have the ability to nurture and share in the wonderment of the knowledge that prevails around us. To achieve this goalRead MoreCo Constructive Environments Create Learning Opportunities For Children927 Words   |  4 Pages Co-constructive environments create learning opportunities for children. The learning strategy of co-construction is an extension of the philosophy of constructivism that maintains interpretation is required to â€Å"make meaning† of the world (Schwandt, as cited in MacNaughton Williams, 2009). The early childhood setting often bases their program on the developmental play curriculum as this relates to Piaget’s theory of children’s cognition. This approach is about the child constructing their ownRead More Philosophy of Teaching Essay567 Words   |  3 PagesPhilosophy of Teaching As a future English teacher, my main priority is to share the wealth of opportunities and possibilities that an education in English can provide to a student. Given this task, I’ve begun to develop the guidelines by which my teaching will adhere. Although I still have much to learn, what follows is a simple framework for the ideals that I currently support. Not only do I expect these guidelines to change as I learn more about my students and myself, I look forward to theRead More My Philosophy of Teaching Essay1076 Words   |  5 PagesMy Philosophy of Teaching Teaching is a daunting task that I do not intend to take lightly. Becoming a teacher has been a dream of mine for several years. I always knew that teaching would be the career for me, especially when I began working in the school system as a substitute secretary. I loved working in the school environment; coming in contact with children everyday made me realize how much I would enjoy teaching a classroom full of students. Teachers play such an importantRead MoreA Personal Philosophy Of Education Essay1164 Words   |  5 PagesA Personal Philosophy of Education Introduction â€Å"Being reflective involves thinking about what one is doing, and why, before, during, and after the act of doing it (Sweitzer, 2003 p.264). I believe self-knowledge of the professor is critical for meaningful learning to occur. Self-knowledge through reflection allows the professor to embrace teaching through the eyes of a scholar; thus providing a diverse learning environment supporting engagement and motivation of the learner. This paper describes

Why should manager want it in their workforce Free Essays

The concept of organisational commitment (OC) is not easy to describe. By studying the literature on OC it becomes apparent that there is little consensus as to the meaning of the term. As the area has grown and developed, researchers from various disciplines have ascribed their own meaning to the topic. We will write a custom essay sample on Why should manager want it in their workforce or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is one of the reasons why defining OC is difficult. One definition is â€Å"Giving all of yourself while at work† (Martin and Nicolls). This definition is not very specific nor is it precise. A second definition says that work commitment come into being â€Å"When a person, by making a side-bet, links extraneous interests with a consistent line of activity.† (Becker, 1960) This definition focuses mainly on activities and behaviour in OC. A third definition explains OC as â€Å"an attitude or an orientation towards the organisation which links or attaches the identity of the person to the organisation.† (Sheldon, 1971) The two last definitions differ from each other in their understanding of OC. The second focuses mainly on behaviour while the third is more based on attitude and identification. A good definition should cover the attitudinal-behavioural dichotomy and one definition that does that is Richard T Mowday et al’s (1982) definition: This definition represents something more than the previous because it says that OC goes beyond mere passive loyalty to an organisation. It sees commitment to an organisation as an active relationship with the organisation such that individuals are willing to give something of themselves in order to contribute to the organisation’s well being. Mowday’s definition can be characterised by at least three factors:  · A strong belief in and acceptance of the organisation’s goals and values  · A willingness to exert considerable effort on behalf of the organisation and  · A strong desire to maintain membership in the organisation Mowday’s definition also has some weaknesses. Firstly it is important to notice that this definition does not prelude the possibility that individuals will also be committed to other aspects of their environment. It simply asserts that regardless of these other possible commitments the organisationally committed individual will tend to exhibit the three characteristics identified. Secondly, the definition doesn’t clarify the terms ‘identification with’ and ‘involvement in’. It can be discussed whether this is a good definition since the terms may be understood as ambiguous. Although this is not an ideal definition of OC, it is a definition that gives a good understanding and explanation of what OC is. Furthermore, Staw (77) differentiates between 2 different types of OC. Attitudinal commitment: Refers to commitment rooted in an employee’s identification with the particular value system upheld by the co, and a desire to continue working there. Behavioural commitment on the other hand, comes about through a consistent pattern of action by an employee over a period of time, and the way in which s/he tends to become bound by this behaviour and hence reluctant to change. The point made here is that attitudinal commitment should lead to behavioural commitment and behavioural to attitudinal. Understanding this, we will examine in part 3 possible ways managers in which look to initially generate OC. There are several possible reasons why managers should want work commitment in their workforce. Drennan suggest that most managers believe that with real commitment from staff the performance of their business could improve dramatically. Beside an increased performance the work will also be a better place to work. The empirical studies carried out on the topic of OC represent a rich collection of findings with respect to both the antecedents and the consequences of the construct. Here is a short explanation of five possible outcomes that has been studied. Few important correlations have emerged in studies, although the correlations are consistently in a predicted direction and often reached statistical significance. (Mowday et al., 1974; Porter, Crampon, Smith, 1976; Steers, 1977a) Therefore we should expect commitment to influence the amount of effort an employee puts forth on the job and this efforts should have some influence on actual performance. Committed employees are desirous of remaining with the organisation. Highly significant, positive correlations have been found between increased tenure and increases commitment in Mowday 1974 and Steer 1977 studies. Theory would predict that highly committed employees would be more motivated to attend so they could facilitate organisational goal attainment. Modest support can be found in several studies like F.J. Smith, 1977; Steers, 1977a, but this support is not entirely consistent (Angle Perry, 1981). When an employee’s commitments lie outside the organisation (e.g. hobby, family), less internal pressure would be exerted on the employee to attend (Morgan Herman, 1976). We could say that commitment may represent an influence on attendance motivation. In a study by Angle and Perry (1981), commitment was found to be strongly and inversely related to employee tardiness. The theory underlying the construct suggests that highly committed employees are likely to engage in behaviours consistent with their attitudes toward the organisation. Coming to work on time would certainly represent one such behaviour. The strongest or most predictable behavioural outcome of employee commitment should be reduced turnover, which are shown in five studies. (Angle Perry, 1981, Hom et al., 1979; Koch Steers, 1978; Mowday et al., 1979; Steers, 1977a) In a sixth study, a longitudinal design was used to track commitment levels over time among a sample of psychiatric technicians. (Porter et al., 1974) Again commitment was found to be significantly and inversely related to subsequent turnover. Using the model suggested by Mowday et al, we look at the development of OC in 3 stages. What should be clear here is the significance of the early part of the company’s relationship with an employee in seeking OC. Here we refer in particular to recruitment and induction practices of the firm. Employee characteristics: Choose people whose values, beliefs, etc in some way fit with those of the firm. The role of this ‘fit’ in securing attitudinal commitment is significant Employee Expectations: Make sure these correspond with the realities of the job Job Design: Increase scope leads to increased commitment. Important dimensions inc: variety, autonomy, feedback, significance, challenge. – Participation, group work, and interdependence of tasks leads to commitment thru greater involvement and also increased felt responsibility – Make work challenging: Will attract those individuals who value work and bring an attitude of achievement to the organisation. Management and structure: Integration and supportive/open management – Loosen tight supervision and give employees more discretion Reward System: Internal labour market Organisational characteristics: Co must be seen as protecting the workers’ interests while offering employment stability. Socialising employees is also important here, altho little research has been done on either its implementation of its usefulness. Increasing focus on behavioural commitment 1. Employees’ jobs more likely to inc those dimensions mentioned above in ‘Job design’ 2. Higher extrinsic awards + increased value of investments made by employee 3. Workers generally more socialised in the co Note: A major factor in influencing OC which has been ignored deliberately is that of personal experiences and histories that employees bring with them from previous jobs, etc. as this is beyond the scope of management intervention. In this essay we have mainly argued that organisational commitment is good and we have explained why manager should want it in their workforce. It is also evident that having a strong committed workforce has its advantages. One thing we have not mentioned is the disadvantages of a committed workforce. Randall (1987) used the term â€Å"blind† commitment in describing a workforce that was too committed. If you are too committed it can lead employees to accept the status quo even if the ultimately means that the company loses its ability to innovate and adapt to change. Another possible drawback to commitment can be illustrated by the example of a mediocre employee who has been at for a particular org for some time and who would struggle to get another job elsewhere. In this case, we assume s/he would be committed to his/her job so as not to risk losing it. In this way, this paper, having shown that there are many reasons why managers may wish to secure OC and how it can be achieved, has also highlighted some potential drawbacks that managers should be aware of. How to cite Why should manager want it in their workforce, Essay examples

HR Balance Score Card for Ducab-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Balance Scorecard Ducab. Answer: Introduction The performance of the human resource metrics in Ducab Limited is measured by use of the balance score card. The Ducab Manufacturers has an overall management objective to provide value to customers, internal processes, people and the shareholders as the financials. The scope of the balanced scorecard is to measure the achieved goals in human resource and the contribution to the overall manufacturing objectives(Recardo, 2017). Strategies are broken down to specific line managers so that everyone gets his part to play. The final result will be a breakthrough in performance through the human resource(Jakic, 2017). Objectives Measure Targets Initiatives Customers Value addition in our cable products, growth of existing markets, new markets, increased market segments The company has reported a tremendous increase of customers and clients which have necessitated expansion of the organization through the opening of new campuses and construction of more building infrastructure. To completely meet the demand and quality needs in the cable market, to enhance customer loyalty(Kathula, 2017).. Multiple innovations have been enhanced through the involvement of staff in solving problems that frequently arise. Young, enthusiastic employees are recruited to make 40% of the employees, the setting up of a technological infrastructure has been substantially undertaken to enhance efficiency (Jelnkov et al. 2016). Financials Shareholder value, Increase in diversification. The investments by the current shareholder and new shareholders have risen showing that the company is meeting their interests to attract more. The company has a target to always give back to the shareholder's dividends that are higher than the previous year's share of profits. The costs of HR are controlled at an optimum level by controlling of wastage, and rule-out of unnecessary costs such as ghost workers. Employment of qualified professionals to efficiently manage. Internal processes The increase in product capacity, increase customer satisfaction, enhance competitiveness, corporate social responsibility, and the efficacy of new products. Management costs have been reduced in the recent past, Efficiency has been improved by reduction of time that was being wasted through absenteeism. Ducab manufacturers aim to enhance the operational efficiency so as to reduce costs and increase productivity. The biometric system manages hours worked and reviews absenteeism. People Operational effectiveness, attainment or targets, enhance employee engagement, improve skills, knowledge, and performance, trust. Attrition levels are 90% showing that most of the employees have been empowered to create trust. The levels of specialized employees being attracted to the firm are also reported to be high. Update of skills and knowledge by the current training needs, achieving a full attrition rate. The is the creation of effective teams. Efficient communication. The collaboration of the management with the staff. There is personal understanding of the employees. There is effective management of conflicts between employees in Ducab limited. The Employment metrics in Ducab Manufacturers has been favorable and this has won it the employer of the year award. The company uses the following formula to calculate employee metrics: Cost per hire = (Total internal + external recruitment costs) / hires in a year (300000+250000)/ 80 = AED 6875 Absentee rate = workdays lost/ (average staff number* workdays available per employee) =18/ (1300* 276) = 0.00005 Turnover cost = Total direct costs Unpaid cost while a job is vacant 8,070,000 1,700,000 = 6,370,000 AED Turnover rate = total staff in a year/ the reduction in staff * 100% 5 / 1300* 100% = 0.38% Conclusion The goals of Ducab management in the provision of value to the best interests of the stakeholders; the customers, employees, and shareholders have been achieved through the value created in the processes within the company. Attainment of these objectives has been enabled through the involvement of each departmental goal(Kathula, 2017). The effectiveness of the scorecard consumes time for the companys HR and has played a significant role in accountability and attainment of the Ducabs objectives. References Jakic, M. (2017). HR BALANCED SCORECARD AND BUSINESS ETHICS HR BALANCE SCORECARD. human resource matrics, 114-119. Kathula, R. (2017). STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE. Millenial workforce, 93. Lucie Jelnkov, KoÃ… ¾en Marcela . (2016). Customer value as a tool for increasing company competitiveness. Journal of human resource, 86. Recardo, R. (2017). Incorporating Best Practices to Strengthen Your Human Resources Strategic Plan. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 29-41.

Sharpeville Massacre free essay sample

SHARPEVILLE: BLOODY THE BATTLE THE EVENTS OF SHARPEVILLE (21 MARCH 1960), AND THE THREE WEEKS IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING IT, HAVE OFTEN BEEN DESCRIBED AS A DECISIVE TURNING-POINT IN MODERN SOUTH AFRICAN HISTORY. DOES A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EVIDENCE HEAR OUT THAT VIEW? â€Å" one little boy had on an old blanket coat, which he held up behind his head, thinking, perhaps, that it might save him from the bullets. Some of the children, hardly as tall as the grass, were leaping like rabbits. Some were shot, too. Still the shooting went on † -Humphrey Tyler, Witness and Assistant Editor of Drum Magazine The Sharpeville massacre of 1960 and the events it precipitated had a profound and long lasting effect on South African society and the already volatile political climate of the time. This essay will contend that the unrestrained violence upon a peaceful demonstration proved to be a watershed moment that was decisive in determining the immediate future of the anti-Apartheid struggle, as well as determining the future direction of the Apartheid regime in South Africa. We will write a custom essay sample on Sharpeville Massacre or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This essay will detail the massacre, the events that lead up to it and it will highlight the responses of the government, resistance movement and international community. I will argue that these responses had a long lasting effect on the future direction of the apartheid state and anti-apartheid movement, thus making it a decisive turning point in modern South African history. Before one can appreciate the significance of the Sharpeville massacre, one must understand its historical background and political context. From 26 May 1948, South Africa was ruled by the National Party government, who came to power on the political platform of separateness, or Apartheid. As the rest of the western world moved to end racial segregation, South Africa entered a phase that saw sustained and institutionalised racism at the hands of a government who were representing the minority white race. Christopher Landsberg describes this period impassionedly, stating ‘the social engineering secured for whites a virtual monopoly of power-political, economic and social. Apartheid deliberately created poverty and racial inequalities (that) was at beast a sham democracy. ’ It was the institutionalised racism, however, that eventually lead to the unique set of circumstances that enabled the tragedy at Sharpeville to occur. Apartheid was implemented through a series of evolving laws from 1949 that directly affected all aspects of life for coloured people. Several laws already existed along racial lines, however, it was the National Party government that formalised its social policy on such laws. Prominent examples include the Mixed Marriage Act of 1949, the Immorality Act and the Population Registration Act of 1950 and the Bantu Education Act of 1953. These dictated that whites and non-whites could not marry or have sex, and that each person was officially designated a colour and race (and ultimately an identity) at the government’s discretion. Many families were broken up under these laws, in which some mixed raced families were reclassified, greatly disrupting –if not ending- many family relationships. To combat any opposition, the government created the Criminal Law Amendment Act which made any person associating with anyone who was protesting or repealing any law liable for criminal charges. The National Party also increased all forms of censorship and banned any organisation or publication pertaining to have communist links or sympathies, including several workers’ union, which had significant impacts for the predominately Black labour force. This was in line with international Cold War sentiment and, thus, the Suppression of Communism Act of 1950 was not seen as extreme. Understandably, resistance from oppressed racial groups intensified with time as these laws became more repressive and as their lives became increasingly restricted. Anti-apartheid and racial rights organisations such as the African National Congress (ANC) continued to rise to prominence with powerful doctrines such as the Programme of Action which was adopted in 1949 in Bloemfontein. The ANC’s ten point Freedom Charter of 1955 was another influential call to arms for the repressed groups of South Africa, inspiring them to take more direct mass action. However, the goals of the ANC did not by any means represent those of everyone in the anti-Apartheid struggle. This point was emphasised when the Pan African Congress (PAC) broke away from the ANC in November 1958, looking to represent a larger section of the South African population that were discontent with the apartheid regime. The most notable difference between the two groups was the PAC’s willingness to embrace the notion of multiracialism as a realistic political platform for the future, as opposed to the ANC’s purely Africanist objectives. The PAC also attracted the disenchanted youth demographic, who were eager to commit to their ideological beliefs with action. The PAC also focussed the need to assert their â€Å"African personality† and, as Sobukwe warned, ‘that acceptance of any indignity, any insult, any humiliation, is acceptance of inferiority’. Both groups, however, were inspired by Ghandi’s peaceful approach to resistance which had prevailed in India and, importantly, insisted upon peaceful, non-violent demonstrations at all times. Significant demonstrations in a developing Programme of Action succeeding the Defiance Campaign included a 1957 workers’ stay-at-home, the bus boycotts of Alexandra and Everton proved to be both successful and to a large extent, peaceful. The Sharpeville massacre occurred in unique circumstances, and proved to be a tragic event that would shape the future of the apartheid struggle. As both the PAC and the ANC struggled with the limitations of peaceful protests and police became increasingly nervous with greater responsibilities, a political boiling pot had begun to simmer. Gerhart contends that competition between the now rival anti-apartheid groups was steadily growing, which contributed to the rushed planning of events and relative level of disorganisation. Ross argues that these organisations also underestimated the ruthlessness of the police state mentality that was being hardened across South Africa. However, as Gerhart cites, Sobukwe wrote to the commissioner of police, Major General Rademeyer, assuring him of a peaceful protest and declared that crowds would disperse if given adequate warning and acknowledged the threat of ‘trigger happy, African hating’ police. In early 1960, both the PAC and the ANC announced individual plans to stage a mass, nationwide campaign against the humiliating Pass Laws. This would primarily entail the marching of large numbers of people to police stations, without their passes, to hand themselves in for arrest. The intention was to instigate major civil reforms and highlight the importance of personal freedoms. The brochure calling for the campaign against the Pass Laws (as issued by Sobukwe, a leader of the PAC) stated ‘NO BAIL! NO DEFENCE! NO FINE! ’ which exemplified their willingness for ‘SERVICE, SACRIFICE AND SUFFERING’ for their cause. On March 21, 1960 in the Transvaal region, a PAC stronghold, up to 20000 people converged on the Everton police station and approximately 4000 on Vanderbijlpark’s where they either burnt their passes or surrendered to police. As assured, most of these crowds diverged after warning shots were fired or threatening low flying military jets passed. However, Sharpeville was significantly different due to the police’s poor community relations. Raids were a daily occurrence in Sharpeville, corruption was rife, unemployment was high, housing costs were also disproportionately higher and there had been a significant rise in the influx of arrests and prosecutions in the area, all of which contributed to a more difficult life for Africans in the immediate area. 000 people converged on the Sharpeville station, and refused to leave as those in the other protests had. Several testimonies stated that the crowd was waiting for a top official who was rumoured to address them. Witness accounts vary as to what happened next, with some claiming protesters were fighting or throwing rocks (as in the Langa township where two people had been shot) whilst others stated that they were entirely peaceful. The police were also nervous after 9 police officers had recently been killed by a demonstration that had become violent in Cato Manor. Rusty Berstein states, ‘Suddenly in the midday heat, someone’s nerve cracks. A policeman inside the fence raises his rifle and opens fire. That becomes the signal for the whole police party to blaze away against the people, who flee for their lives. Whether the firing started in panic or on an officer’s orders is never established ’ 69 people are killed and a further 180 are estimated to be injured, and almost all were shot in the back. Some people were shot in nearby cafes by stray bullets, as were people in their yards and in front of the local ministers’ house. The New York Times quoted a senior police official who stated at the time, ‘I don’t know how many we’ve shot if they do these things, they must learn the hard way. ’ The significance of such an event cannot be underestimated. The events of the next three weeks and immediate reactions from the government, resistance movement and international community had long lasting implications for the apartheid regime. It were these implications that highlight how the massacre at Sharpeville -and three weeks immediately following it- was undoubtedly a decisive, watershed moment in modern South African history. The anti-apartheid movement responded to the massacre with grief, anger, disbelief and an overall new resolve to continue to resist the now murderous regime. As Ben Turok wrote in his autobiography, ‘Sharpeville had become one of the most symbolic events in South Africa’s liberation struggle. It was to ignite the anger of millions of oppressed and those with a conscience in South Africa and around the world’. The PAC gained significant amounts of public sympathy in the wake of the massacre, and support for the general aims of the ANC also increased. A national stay-at-home was announced to mourn the dead and was held for a week, beginning the day after the massacre; this effectively bought many businesses and industries to a standstill as the main source of labour stayed at home. Both the PAC and the ANC encouraged this strike whilst advocating non-violence. Police continued with brutal raids, they targeted the survivors of the massacre, and shot at those attempting to escape as police broke into their homes. This proved to be the main catalyst for the infamous march of 30000 in Cape Town. Lead by Philip Kgosana, a 23 year old who had recently dropped out of university to focus on political activities for the PAC, the march was intended to finish at the South African Houses of parliament. Police officials convinced him that it would be safer for the crowd to disperse in return for some concessions to be made and a meeting with the Minister for Justice that afternoon. When Kgosana returned for his meeting, he was arrested. Arguably the most significant impact of the Sharpeville massacre, however, was the realisation that non-violent resistance would prove futile in a police state such as South Africa. As Thompson asserts, it ‘was a watershed moment in modern South African history. nonviolent methods had achieved nothing except a series of defeats at the hands of a violent state’. Sharpeville marked the militarisation of the resistance movement and the creation of military wings to the ANC and the PAC. The ANC formed the Umkhonto we Sizwe (the Spear of the Nation, which would be lead by Nelson Mandela) and the PAC formed Poqo (Pure), both of which began a bombing campaign against industrial and government sites. As Leach suggests, the resistance movement’s direct response to Sharpeville marked the beginning of endemic violence in South Africa. The government’s response to the massacre -which effectively shaped the events immediately following it- also contributed to why it was such a decisive turning point for South Africa. They temporarily suspended pass arrests and focussed all resources on armoured patrols of potentially troublesome spots. Almost immediately, important leaders of the ANC and PAC were arrested under the Riotous Assemblies Act and the Public Safety Act, which contributed to the emergency situation. These arrests effectively paralysed the main resistance organisations in the short term, as up to the third or fourth layer of organisation had been removed. The day of Kgosona’s march in Cape Town (30 March) a state of emergency was declared. The timing of this was unquestionably impeccable. Just after Kgosona had dispersed the threatening crowds and he returned for his meeting with the Minister for Justice, the State of Emergency regulations enabled him to be arrested. The PAC and ANC were officially banned on April 6 under the Unlawful Organisation Act, sending all levels of organisation underground. The government was also forced to respond on an international level, with the South African representative to the United Nations leaving the table when pointed discussions surrounding the Sharpeville massacre arose. Amid criticism from British Prime Minister Macmillan after the massacre, the South African Prime Minister Verwoerd declared South Africa would become a republic. Similarly, the international response to the massacre and the events immediately following it proved to have lasting significance. The international condemnation and outcry marked a decisive turning point, whereby the global community began to actively speak out against the apartheid state. The New York Times adequately reflected international outrage at the shootings in an editorial the following day. It stated that ‘a policy which degrades the great majority of the people of a nation is certain to lead to tragedy Do the South Africans think that the rest of the world will ignore such a massacre? ’ Countries from across the world expressed disapproval of the events and of apartheid more broadly. Landsberg notes that strong counter reactions internationally included the establishment of the UN Special Committee Against Apartheid as well as the adoption of resolutions 134 of 1960 at the United Nations, deploring the South African government and its actions. The United States called the massacre ‘regrettable’ and a violation of the United Nations Charter on human rights. As previously discussed, another long term effect of the massacre was South Africa eventually becoming a republic after condemnation from Britain. The Sharpeville massacre drew international attention and criticism to the repressive and violent regime that existed in South Africa. This proved to be the first of many international political steps to end apartheid, thus cementing the massacre’s place as a decisive historical turning point. Critics argue that the Sharpeville massacre was not a decisive turning point and was instead a singular ineffectual moment at a volatile time. Gerhart notes that similar protests and boycotts later in 1960 and 1961 proved to be ‘abortive,’ indicating that a lasting impression had not been made, just as it had failed to inspire success in similar actions. Resistance became increasingly difficult after the banning of the ANC and PAC, as well as the arrest of a large proportion of their leadership groups. This is supported by the fact that it took another 30 years for the apartheid regime to fall, and that was only after international pressure and sanctions. However, these arguments fail to engage with the symbolic importance and nature of Sharpeville and the events that followed. As Frankel simply states, ‘Sharpeville is crucial to South African history in the last century because it represents an end, a beginning, a social commentary and an evaluation’. Sharpeville was not the bloodiest, most brutal or surprising attack on Blacks in South Africa’s history throughout Apartheid. Nor did it have the most dramatic international response or incite the largest protests in South Africa’s history. However, it was a moment that represented a direct change to how blacks, whites and the rest of the world viewed apartheid and gave both sides a new resolve that directly influenced the future events and ideologies surrounding apartheid. This in itself proves the massacre and ensuing events were a decisive turning point in South Africa’s history, and the power of this should not be underestimated. One may argue that the massacre and related events changed little in South Africa; however, this grossly miscalculates the importance of inspiring collective emotion, hope and emboldened desire when Africans had little else to fight with. After the massacre, the resistance movement was forced underground and turned militant, changing the battleground dramatically. The government asserted its resolve and police state mentality. The international community awoke to the realities of apartheid and began a long campaign against it. These are all long term effects of the massacre and the events that immediately followed it, which prove that it was a decisive turning point in modern South African history. BIBLIOGRAPHY Primary Sources Anon. ‘50 Killed in South Africa as Police Fire on Rioters’, New York Times, March 22, 1960. Anon, ‘Macmillan is Assailed’ New York Times, 21 March 1960. Anon, ‘South Africa Quits Debate; Disputes UN Jurisdiction’ New York Times, 2 April 1960. Anon, ‘The Tragedy at Sharpeville’ New York Times, 22 March 1960. ANC. ‘The Freedom Charter’, as cited in Thirty Years of the Freedom Charter, edited by Suttner, R. and Cronin, J. Johannesburg: Ravan Press, 1986. Lodge, H. C. (US representative at the UN), as quoted in ‘Excerpts from Addresses in UN Security Council on South Africa Issue’ New York Times, 31 March 1960. PAC. ‘Document 47: Calling the Nation! ’ editied by Karis and Carter G. , From Protest to Challenge: A Documentary History of African Politics in South Africa 1882 -1964, Vol. 3, 1977. Secondary Sources Bernstein, Rusty, Memory Against Forgetting: Memoirs from a Life in South African Politics 1938-1964. London: Penguin, 1999. Clark Nancy L. and Worger, William H. South Africa: The Rise and Fall of Apartheid. London: Pearson Education Limited, 2004. Dubrow, Saul. The African National Congress, 2000. Frankel, Phillip. An Ordinary Atrocity: Sharpeville and Its Massacre. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001. Gerhart, G. Black Power in South Africa: The evolution of an ideology, 1978. Landsberg, Christopher. The Quiet Diplomacy of Liberation: International Politics and South Africa’s Transition. Johannesburg: Jacuna Media, 2004. Leach, Graham. South Africa: No Easy Path to Peace. London: Routledge, 1986. Lodge, Tom. Black Politics in South Africa since 1945, London: Longman Group, 1983. Maharaj, Mac and Kathrada, Ahmed. Mandela: The Authorised Portrait. Rowville, Victoria: Five Mile Press Pty Ltd, 2006. Peffer, John ‘Mellow Yellow: Image, violence, and play in apartheid South Africa’ in Violence and Non-Violence in Africa edited by Ahluwalia, Pal, Bethlehem, Louise and Ginio Ruth. New York: Routledge, 2007. Ross, Robert. A Concise History of South Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Thompson, Leonard. A History of South Africa. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990. Turok, Ben. Nothing but the Truth: Behind the ANC’s Struggle Politics. Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2003.

Using a Sample Essay About Innovation

Using a Sample Essay About InnovationSample essays on innovation are an excellent way to help you write a powerful and useful essay. When you take the time to write a sample essay, you can start to see what the essay will look like before you begin writing it. The actual writing process can be made more effective by the use of the sample essay. There are a number of different ways that you can use a sample essay to guide your own writing.Using a sample essay is also a good way to keep your essay focused. You don't want to try to incorporate too many ideas into your essay that is too broad. On the other hand, you don't want to have a bunch of ideas for every sentence because you don't want your essay to feel too unorganized. Instead, you want to keep the focus on one particular aspect of innovation. In this way, your essay will be easier to follow and will have a better flow.Writing an essay is much more difficult when you try to cover more than one topic at a time. This is why using a sample essay is a very helpful tool. You can use it as a jumping off point to get your thoughts in order. This will make it much easier to begin writing a few paragraphs at a time instead of going straight to the part where you explain something.If you want to write your own essay, then you might consider using a sample essay as a guide. You can use it as a way to brainstorm what you want to say about innovation. You might find that a specific aspect of innovation does not show up in the sample essay, but that is okay because you will still be able to use it to shape your own essay.You should always remember that while a sample essay may seem like an excellent idea for a guide, you should not use it as the basis for your essay. You should always start with your own ideas and build upon them to form your own essay. A sample essay can give you a lot of ideas about what to include, but you should always start with your own original thoughts.A sample essay can also be a great way to s tart writing your own essay. After you've done a bit of research, you might be able to use the information to write a good essay. You might be surprised at how many interesting things you can uncover just by doing some research. This can be a great thing to use as a starting point for your own essay.As you get closer to writing your essay, you might find that you have some problems that need to be worked out. This is especially true if you are unsure of how to proceed. Taking a look at a sample essay can be a great way to get some ideas.It is always important to think carefully about the kind of essay you are trying to write. Some people do not know where to begin when they want to write a good essay. Taking the time to read a sample essay is a great way to get some ideas. This will give you the knowledge you need to start writing the perfect essay.

Dark tourism Essays

Dark tourism Essays Dark tourism Essay Dark tourism Essay Dark tourism is a conduct of visiting to locations and special sites related to death and it is either genuine or manmade. Dark tourism is definitely not new in the tourism Industry but there Is a noticeable growth and rising demand from tourists to visit the dark tourism sites In the recent years. Most people are attached, whether on Intentionally or vice versa towards these unique sites and attractions with associated with death, disaster and violence. Referring to (Stone, 2006) dark tourism can be defined as the act of travel and visitation to sites associated with death, suffering or he seemingly macabre as a main theme. It is also a conduct of traveling to locations where there is an occurrence of either tragedy or death. This type of tourism is meaningful and never ceases to affect lives of the people be it in an emotional forms as well as in the political and social ways. There are many terms and types of tourism activities under the branch of dark tourism inclusive of tambourines which indicates the meaning of death In the Greek language, war tourism, black tourism and many more. Grief tourism generally involves traveling to sites of tragedy incident estimations such as murder spots, disaster affect areas, grave yards, war memorials, prisons, death locations of those famous late superstars and many more. Some examples are the most famous, well-known and remarkable Ground Zero In the united States of America, Killing Fields In Cambodia, Auschwitz the second world concentration camp located in Poland where zillion of people lost their lives there. Meanwhile, disaster tourism is concerning conduct of tourism activity involving visitation to locations influenced by natural disasters. For instance, tourists visiting he tsunami and earthquake affected sites in Japan. Such dark sites invite an uncountable number of visitors to the locations year by year. Dark tourism basically shows visitors to locations where the confrontation of mortality can be conducted and produce insights and create awareness. The motivations and purposes of visiting dark tourism sites are totally deferent and not related from one tourist to another. Since from the past, death Is definitely an Inevitable and unavoidable thing and It Is viewed as a kind of taboo and dreaded by all the human beings In the world. Despite the fact that death and mortality Is dreadful and often a sensitive topic for usual conversation, however, its vitally in life utterly cannot be denied. Although there is an old and background and growing proofs of visitation to places linked with death but it is only Just recently that the focus been paid to what can be described as dark tourism. The content of those published Journals online frequently pay less attention towards the experiences portray by dark tourism consumers. There are still lack of information and understanding regarding the actual idea of dark tourism from a contemporary society and ontological security kind of contemplations and perspectives. Therefore, the purpose of this written essay Is to mainly discuss about the perspectives concerning death as well as the possibilities of this unique tourism as a way of making confrontation of death towards the modern and present societies. Furthermore, this paper gives suggestions that dark tourism Is an Intentional travel of visitors to locations and sites portraying conducts and views which are usually not resent from the social population which bring in a feel of unease in viewing or may not actually invite the involvement of death and vice versa the death itself may not always necessarily be viewed as dark and miserable. Visitors are usually introduced to the reasons of death and pain of human beings in certain conditions while traveling to dark attractions and hence this actually producing and supporting a contemplation that death is inevitable and cannot be avoided. The view that death is inevitable possess a possibility to make people feel afraid and encourage some people to ask questions about the structure of social population where they habited in and Joined. This reasoning could be one of the reasons why the thought of death is considered as a kind of taboo. According to Berger, the way to ignore death is to neglect some particular aspects where those two collective and one self is formed. Hence, although, the unavoidable death within the society norm continuously being rejected and despised by the people especially in the contemporary society, however, it can never ever be wholly ignored and forgotten.

The Best (and Worst) Online AP Courses, Reviewed

The Best (and Worst) Online AP Courses, Reviewed SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips There are hundreds, if not thousands, of online AP courses. So how are you supposed to find the best one for you? To help you sort through your options, I’ll quickly go over what makes a good online AP course. Then I’ll discuss the best-reviewed online AP courses, some popular online AP class providers, and wrap up with some classes that you should avoid. 7 FactorsThat Make a Good Online AP Course If you're searchingfor the best online AP courses, these are the qualities you should look for. #1: It's Accredited There’s no reason why you can’t self-study for an exam with non-accredited online resources- but if you are going to take an entire AP course online, it makes the most sense to take one that is accredited by the College Board. This means that they have looked over the syllabus and course requirements and approved it, and that it can be listed as an AP course if your high school agrees to list the online course on your transcript. #2: The Material Is Presented Well You want the material to be interesting, engaging, and presented clearly. The coursework may not be your first choice of activity, but if you’re bored out of your mind, you won’t want to study, and if you’re confused, you will be frustrated. #3: Teachers Are Accessible and Give Good Feedback Teachers should be easy to reach and give useful, timely feedback. If you are waiting for them to return assignments from months ago when you take the AP, that’s not particularly helpful. #4: The Workload Is Reasonable Many AP courses are demanding, which is to be expected. But you want to make sure that you have a good sense of how many hours per week you have available to spend on online coursework and how many hours a week the class will take. #5: There's an Easy-To-Use Interface and Tech Support A good course will be easy to navigate on your computer. You should also have easy access to tech support resources should something go wrong. #6: The Class Preps You for the AP Exam If you can get any information on how students tend to score on the exam after taking the course, that will be very useful in making a decision on a course. #7: It's Well-Reviewed A good online AP course is one other students have had good experiences in! Check forum sites like College Confidential for reviews of a given course. With those seven criteria in mind, we’re ready for a more in-depth look at some of the best-reviewed online AP courses out there! You can master the universe...of online AP courses! 8 GreatOnline AP Courses Below I’ve compiled a list of someof the bestonline AP courses. Ideally I would be able to provide an option for every AP, but unfortunately, some APs have very few online options (if any). That is why, as you may notice, there are some popular AP courses like Calculus and English Language that do not appear on the list below. AP US History AP US History From the UC System’s Scout Program Students like the material, the pace, and the focus on AP exam prep. Multimedia lessons are praised for being engaging, and assessments and assignments are full of variety, which keeps things interesting. Students appreciate the consistent pace of the assignments. A special bonus is that the end of the course involves an AP workshop with study strategies, practice AP exams, etc. This is also one of the cheaper online AP course providers, and it’s discounted for CA students. AP Art History AP Art History From the Florida Virtual School Students appreciate that the course spends so much time on non-European art. The interactive gallery format is engaging and helps you retain the material. Finally, the class content is not overly difficult, but students still feel prepared for the AP exam. AP Human Geography AP Human Geography From the Florida Virtual School Students recommend this class, finding it interesting without being frustrating. They also praise the teaching staff and like that teachers are accessible by text, e-mail, and phone. AP Psychology AP Psychology From the Florida Virtual School This course is interesting and fairly easy. Some assignments are fun, and the online textbook has helpful interactive video components and simulations. Overall, this course is straightforward and will prepare you well for the exam. With that said, students advise that some of the course material does require boring rote memorization. AP Biology AP Bio From Johns Hopkins CTY Students felt that this course overprepared them for the AP Bio exam, but in a good way. They also appreciated that the two lowest grades on tests were dropped, so you could dive into difficult material without fear that some struggling along the road would completely tank your grade. AP Biology From Apex Learning This class hasa combination virtual/in-person lab component,which ishelpful given that many online courses do not have labs at all. Students do mention that this course is reading-heavy. AP Chemistry AP Chemistry From ChemAdvantage The main selling point of this class is that students get mailed a small lab kit and do at-home labs; lab components are often missing from online science courses. The course is taught and managed by a husband and wife team. Students receive lots of instructor attention and feel that instructors are flexible when necessary. The course is demanding, as AP Chemistry usually is, but students feel well-prepared for the exam. Unfortunately, this class is primarily offered to homeschoolers, but their FAQ says that they may be able to accommodate students whose schools simply don’t offer AP Chem. AP Computer Science A AP CS A From the Florida Virtual School This is one of the most highly-praised online courses out there. According to students, the FLVS course imparts a strong coding foundation, good habits, and conceptual understanding. Students find that they easily retain the material for months and feel very prepared for the exam. They warn that you may spend 10 hours a week or more writing programs, but that you will enjoy yourself and it is time well-spent. There you have it- a selection of some of the most popular online AP classes available. Still at a loss? Keep reading for a brief list of three of the most well-regarded online AP providers. We briefly interrupt this broadcast to bring you this mesmerizing jellyfish. 3High-Quality Online AP Course Providers In addition to some specific courses being like by students, there are also some online providers that are particularly well-regarded.It’s still a good idea to look for reviews and making sure a course has what you are looking for before you sign up, but these are some online schools that have a reputation for high-quality coursework. Pennsylvania Homeschoolers For homeschooled students in any state, PA Homeschoolers AP Courses are well-reviewed, with excellent teachers being the number one benefit. AP History and English classes are particularly well-liked, and they appear to have the only online AP Environmental Science course that is praised and not widely disliked. However, you must be a homeschooled student to register. Florida Virtual School Though there are a couple courses that aren’t highly reviewed (see below), most students found AP offerings from FLVS to be comprehensive, cost-effective, worthwhile, and adequate preparation for the AP exam. They also have a wide variety of AP courses available. It's one of the cheaper online providers, has no admissions requirements, and is free in Florida! Johns Hopkins Center for Talented Youth Johns Hopkins CTYis an online course provider for gifted students. To take courses, students need to get qualifying courses on the PSAT. In general, students found AP courses from this provider to be thorough and enjoyable. The material used is said to be top-notch. This is an expensive provider, though there is some financial aid available. Allow me to steer you away from AP online danger! 3BadOnline AP Classes Of course, not every online AP course is a great experience. There are some classes that are known throughout the world of high school distance learning as particularly terrible, and I’ll discuss why here. AP US History From Apex Learning There were two chief complaints here: logistical and technical issues with the course, and poor preparation for the AP. Students found that they lost points on quizzes due to technical errors when they had selected the correct answer. They were annoyed by all of the faxing they had to do, and that their faxed documents frequently got lost. Even more disconcertingly, students did not feel prepared to get 4-5 level scores on the exam, but only a 2-3. They found they learned more from prep books than the course! If you’re having better luck studying on your own, there’s no point in taking the class. AP Environmental Science From the Florida Virtual School This is probably the most widely disliked online course I saw. Students were frustrated by the workload, assessments, and lack of teacher accessibility. They found that lessons focused on information that was not relevant to the AP exam. They pointed to a high workload of busywork with low exam preparation payoff. Assessments were brutally long. Teachers took a long time to get back to students. The general consensus was that no one should take this course. AP Government From the Florida Virtual School This course, again, was disliked for its poor preparation value for the exam. Students found that assessments were frequently based on minor, unimportant details instead of major concepts. Even diligent students who carefully read the lessons and took notes felt that assessments were unfairly specific and did little to prepare them for the actual AP exam. As you can see, there are several running themes in what makes a course disliked: there are technical problems with the way the course is run, the material is presented in a way that is boring or overly specific, students do not feel prepared for the exam, and teaching staff is inaccessible or not helpful. If you see any of these issues cited in student reviews on College Confidential or elsewhere, these are major red flags. Keep this in mind to avoid any bad eggs! These eggs are good, so you don't need to avoid them. Choosing the Right Online AP Course: Final Thoughts There are high-quality AP online classes available out there, with excellent teaching, good exam prep, and engaging material. There are also less amazing online offerings, with frustrating technological meltdowns, vanishing instructors, and long assessments. I’ve listed some highly-praised options and some that aren't as well-liked, but this is by no means a comprehensive accounting of every course available. I’m sure you’ve noticed that some APs are easier to find online than others, and some have more options than others. This means a few well-known APs (World History, English Language) are conspicuously absent from this list of the best online AP courses. Keep in mind what’s available when you are planning your online AP coursework, and do research carefully! A smart investment in an online AP course can have a great payoff. What's Next? If you're not quite sure if online AP courses are for you, check out my pros and cons to online AP classes. Once you've selected your course of choice, you may need help registering for the AP exam. Want more information about the AP program before you decide? See our expert guide to AP classes and tests. Want to improve your SAT score by 160points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: